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Filmer om krigen Gunhildrudtragedien er en film fra 2024 som forteller om de dramatiske begivenhetene som fant sted 24. april 1945 i traktene rundt Gunhildrudsetra på vestsiden av Eikeren. Filmen er produsert av Trivsels- og mestringssenteret i Øvre Eiker kommune, og det er Anders Fossesholm og Bjørn Rørdam Bergersen som står for manus og regi. Varighet: 1 time 20 min. Se et kort klipp fra filmen her: Hele filmen kan lastes ned fra Eiker Arkiv/Eikerhistorie: Gunhildrudtragedien 6,7 GB - nedlastningstid ca. 10 minutter

Eikerminne- er nå tilgjengelig på Nasjonalbiblioteket Eiker Arkiv Arkivverket- Slektsgranskning

Milestein School circa 1920 Class picture at Milestein School circa 1920. The teacher is Anders Martinius Knudsen, who started at the school as a substitute in 1920, shortly after he had retired. In 1923 he celebrated his 60th anniversary as a teacher, aged 76 - see: Buskerud and Vestfold, Tuesday 27 November 1923 . The picture was submitted by Kari Næss, daughter of Knut Arne Næss, born 1910, standing farthest to the right in the third row (second from the back).

Ironworks - Hassel and Eidsfos Hasselverket Da glassverket på Nøstetangen startet opp i 1741. var Hasselverket alt en veletablert bedrift, mer enn hundre år gammelt og et anerkjent jernverk. Det produserte både smijern, som smedene brukte som råstoff til sine produkter, og mange typer støpejernsprodukter. Mest kjent – både i samtid og ettertid – var nok Hassel for sine «jernkakkelovner», med jernplater som var små kunstverk. De ble støpt i treformer med utskjæringer som var laget av noen av de fremste treskjærerne i landet. Rokokkoperioden på siste halvdel av 1700-tallet regnes som en storhetstid for denne ovnskunsten, og rokokko-ovnene fra Hassel er en interessant parallell til glasskunsten fra Nøstetangen i samme periode. Motivene var hentet fra bibelhistorien, men også fra gresk og romersk mytologi. Landets konger ble også hyllet, og noen av de aller rikeste borgerne kunne også spesialbestille ovner med sitt eget monogram. Eiere i denne perioden var familien Neumann, slektninger av Cappelen på Fossesholm og medlemmer av det lokale handelspatrisiatet. Jacob Hansen Neumann var eier fra 1746 til han døde i 1777. Deretter sto enken hans, Verkets hovedgruver lå i Hasselåsen på Modum, men det hadde også gruver andre steder på Eiker og ikke minst ved Arendal, der det ble utvunnet jernmalm av en helt spesiell kvalitet, som ble fraktet sjøveien til Eiker. Selve verket med den store masovnen lå ved Daler på Eiker og ble drevet med vannkraft fra Bingselva. Sammen med sagbrukene, som lå litt lenger ned i elva, la det grunnlaget for tettstedet Skotselv Eidsfos Ironworks Eidsfos ironworks was started in 1697 by Caspar Herman von Hausmann – grandfather of Caspar Herman von Storm, who played such a central role at the Nøstetangen glassworks. The ironworks was located in Hof parish in Jarlsberg county, but it was still connected to Eiker in several ways. Many of the works' mines were located in the area between Drammensdalen and Eikeren – most at Konnerud, but also partly at Eiker. The farmers at Eiker were probably involved in ore hauling for the works and in deliveries of coal and wood. Together with Kongsberg Sølvverk and Hassel ironworks, Eidsfos was a competitor for Nøstetangen in the fight for forest resources. Much of the transport to and from Eidsfos also went through Eiker. Ore and other goods for the plant were rowed up the Drammenselva and Vestfosselva rivers to Vestfossen and onward by sailing yacht across Fiskumvannet and Eikeren. Together with the timber rafting and the transport of goods for the Silver Plant, the transport to Hassel and Eidsfos made the waterway at Eiker an important transport artery. It helped to employ a growing population of farmhands and workers.

The Church and the Parish Priests Since the Reformation in 1537, the church in Denmark-Norway had been part of the state, with the King as head, and the priests were royal officials. The church service and the church acts – baptisms, weddings and funerals – were an important part of people’s daily lives. But during the 18th century, the church also gained an expanded social mission, with the introduction of confirmation in 1736 and a community school three years later. It also played an important role in the development of a poor system, and royal laws and decrees were announced on the church grounds after the services. Thus, the parish priest became a cornerstone of the absolute monarchy’s civil service. The main church and rectory at Eiker were geographically centrally located, close to the sound site of Haugsund. There were several homesteads here, and the "Egerske Company" had a practice area at the church. In 1741, the Nøstetangen glassworks was also built on the rectory grounds. Between 1741 and 1776 there were four parish priests at Eiker. Peder Anchersen had held the office since 1720, and previously he had been ship's chaplain for Peter Wessel Tordenskjold. He is described as He was parish priest until 1749, when he was succeeded by Christian Grave He was a poet and antique collector, very interested in history and was appointed Peder Jespersen NyropLorentz Schnitler The tombstones of Nyrop and Schnitler can still be seen in the cemetery at Haug Church, where they are among the oldest tombstones.

The farming community at Eiker In the latter half of the 18th century, most of the farmers on Eiker had become freeholders. A hundred years earlier, they had been tenants, either under the crown estate or on estates belonging to nobility and civil servants. The estate economy on Eiker reached its peak under the governor Hannibal Sehested, who was also the lord of Eker county in the years 1648-1652. When he fell from grace, his large estate was taken over by the Crown. This estate was first mortgaged and later sold to private individuals to cover the state's debt. Thus, most of the old estates disappeared, and the Eiker farmers became owners of the farms they lived on. Although the farmers were freeholders, most of them were in considerable debt. The creditors were often merchants involved in the lumber trade and sawmill operations in the district. Instead of paying land taxes as tenants, they had to pay interest and installments to the creditors, and in addition many burdensome taxes and fees were paid to the state. In practice, the difference may not have been that great. But at the same time, the new industries opened up new opportunities for the Eiker farmers. A few owned their own sawmills and were directly involved in the lumber trade. Far more were involved in the transport and delivery of goods to sawmills, mines and other industries. Driving for the Magasinet at Kongsberg was important, and coal was burned that was delivered to the Sølvverket, Nøstetangen glassworks, Hassel ironworks and other businesses. Those who managed to take advantage of these opportunities could become debt-free and in some cases set up as owners of several farms. Not everyone was able to share in the prosperity that the new industries created. The forest at Eiker was being cut down quite a bit, and the authorities introduced restrictions on forestry. It was also not allowed to build new water sawmills that produced for export – that was reserved for the privileged mills, which largely belonged to the bourgeoisie in Drammen. Most of the farmers could not therefore get directly involved in sawmills and the lumber trade and earn income from this. It happened more and more often that farms were divided in connection with inheritance settlements, because the one who had the land did not have the means to redeem the other heirs. The farms thus became so small that the income from forestry and driving became necessary to survive. This in turn affected agriculture and livestock - the oak farmers were not self-sufficient in either grain for food or hay for animal feed, and they bought butter and cattle for slaughter from the valleys and mountain villages. Some of the farms at Eiker were sold to merchants who were involved in the lumber trade and sawmill operations in the district. They were often called "proprietærer", and they usually had their own apartment building at Bragernes, where they mostly lived, while the farm at Eiker was a kind of mixture of industrial farm and pleasure farm. The agricultural community at Eiker thus ranged from such wealthy proprietors to small farmers and householders who lived on a subsistence minimum and who were dependent on wage labor to feed their families.

What did it cost back then in the 18th century? In the Danish-Norwegian coinage system, the rigsdaler species was the main coin from 1544 to 1813, and in Norway it was usually called daler or species. In 1625, 1 rigsdaler = 4 ort = 6 marks = 96 shillings Skilling was a unit of currency used in Norway between 1505 and 1875. Converted to today's exchange rate, one skilling was worth approximately 1.50 NOK. Courant or kurant means small coin. 10 kroner for us was equivalent to 3,655 kroner in 1701. This corresponds to a price increase from 1701 to 2012 of 36,450%. The krone was introduced in 1875 in both Norway and Denmark. Salaries A servant who worked for a farmer earned 10-12 rigsdaler a year, but also had room and board. A maid had half the salary, 5-6 rigsdaler. In a year, a miner could earn 50 rigsdaler. In Norway, glass workers became a high-wage group. Cabin manager Christian Fillion at the crown glass cabin (window glass) in Hurdal 288 rigsdaler a year Blows away 192 rigsdaler a year in the same place Starts at the same place 120 rigsdaler a year In addition, various bonus schemes came in the amount of 3 - 6 riksdaler per month. Schoolmaster in the same place in 1776 28 rigsdaler a year Unskilled Norwegian workers 36-72 rigsdaler a year Salaries compared to Kongsberg Sølvverk The salaries are based on the Silver Works' accounts during the years the Skarra mines were in operation (1770-1798). 1st class miners: Exceeds 120 rigsdaler a year Sharpens 120 rigsdaler a year Prices Beef, 14-15 kilos: 1 rdl Clipfish, 8-20 kilos: 1 rdl Herring, 1 barrel: 3 rdl Sugar, 1 kilo: 1 tbsp Butter, 4-5 kilos: 1 tbsp Tobacco, 3 kilos: 1 rdl Barley flour, 1 barrel (139 liters): 3 rdl Spirits, simple, 1 pot (1 liter): 16 shillings/1 mark (1/6 daler) Wild boar, large: 1 1/2 rdl Young sheep: 1 place Goose, 3 pieces: 1 rdl Cow, 1 pc: 2-5 rdl Horse, old: 5-6 rdl Bricks, 144 pieces: 1 rdl Brass kettle: 1/2 rdl Silver bowl, large: 30 rdl Plate, 2 shillings Coffin, painted and well-studded: 1 rdl Chest with carvings: 15 rdl Duvet cover and duvet cover, used: 3 rdl per piece Sheet, fine canvas with "knippel", used: 1 3/4 rdl Sheets, striped, used: 1st place Bible, large: 8 pages Hat, "high-polled", black: 1/2 rdl Shoes or boots, one pair: 1 1/2 ort Hose, one pair: 12 shillings Paddy flour, gray, a cubit: 12 shillings Skirt, purchased (used): 2-3 1/2 rdl Cemetery space: 2 rdl Wax candles that burned on the altar during a funeral: 4-6 rdl For a blood donor to open a vein for bloodletting: 8 shillings

Haugsund 1765 In the tax census from 1765, 265 people were recorded as living in Hougssund. It only included people over the age of 12, so with children there were probably between 300 and 400 people living in the settlement. Most were married couples with or without children, and sometimes with elderly parents or servants, but we also find widows, widowers and a few unmarried people. Almost no one is listed by occupation - the exception was Sheriff Stephanus Bagge and Auctionsdirecteur Holtzrod - the two may have constituted the local small "middle class". In the church records, occupation is sometimes listed, and here we see that the population of Hokksund consisted of river workers, fishermen and sawmill workers, but also of innkeepers and craftsmen of various kinds. The settlement had grown up around the ferry station, where travelers along the King's Road might need food, drink and perhaps accommodation. Blacksmiths who could shoe a horse, carpenters and wheelwrights who could repair a carriage and shoemakers who could repair worn-out shoes also settled here. The river was also an important workplace - salmon fishing and timber rafting took place here, and rowers (rowers) transported goods of all kinds by boat. Others were day laborers in agriculture and forestry, and many probably also had their own plot of land where they could keep livestock and grow a little grain.

The Silverworks mines at Eiker Ever since Kongsberg Sølvverk and Kongsberg were founded in 1624, there has been a close connection between Bergstaden and the neighboring village of Eiker – among other things, the very first silver finds were smelted in Kongens smelhytte in Vestfossen. In the latter half of the 18th century, the Sølvverk employed 400 people, and it had several mines and shards in Eiker – including the “Christianus VI and Dronning Sophie Magdalena mine” in Skarraenga outside Vestfossen, the Kjennerudvannsgruvene in Lurdalen and the Schwabegruva on Grasåsen. The most significant activity, however, was that which was started around 1770 in the outlying areas under the farms Skarra and Kolberg, right on the border with Svene parish in Numedal. This became known as the "Schara Ertzdyb Grube" or simply "Skarragruvene". At this time, the Silver Works started up in several areas that were quite far from the main fields in Saggrenda. This was because the operation of these mines was becoming less profitable, and therefore richer deposits were sought. Optimism was great, and at the Skarra mines, more than 20 sharp points were taken up, two horizontal adits were driven in, totaling around 700 meters in length, and a crushing plant was built, which was powered by hydroelectric power from Dørja. The operation provided work for 50-60 people - at most, around 100 miners were active there. In the long run, the results did not meet expectations, and in 1898 the Skarra mines were closed down after 30 years of operation. This was part of the winding up of Kongsberg Sølvverk, where all operations ceased in 1805. It was not until ten years later that mining operations resumed, but operations were never as extensive as they had been at the end of the 18th century.

Photo registration 2025 During 2025, we will arrange a number of photo evenings in Nøstetangen Café at Sorenskrivergården. Here the public can help with information about the images, but everyone is welcome, whether they can contribute information or not. Thursday 27/3 at 7:00 PM Thursday 24/4 at 7:00 PM Thursday 25/9 at 7:00 PM Thursday 23/10 at 7:00 PM Thursday 20/11 at 7:00 PM

18th century building in Hokksund In a registration of the buildings in Gamle-Hokksund and Dynge that was carried out in 2015/2016, nine buildings were dated to the 18th century. However, due to extensions and reconstruction, it can be difficult to date the buildings. Up to 50 buildings may have a core from the 18th century, or perhaps from the 17th century. Among the best preserved are Gundersgården (Hobbelstadgata 8), Kolbrækgården (Dynge 34) and Madsengården (Storgata 42). At Falchegården (Storgata 75), the western part dates from the mid-18th century and the eastern part from the early 19th century, and the building has been restored so that the 18th century character is largely preserved. The small houses from the 19th century also contribute to creating an old wooden house environment that has developed naturally over several hundred years. Madsen Farm. Kolbrækgården Gundersgården The Falchegården Ihlengården - «Braathengården»

THE EIKER SONG FROM 1756 Notification from the Eiker Parnassus (Translated from Danish) From Eiker’s lofty Muses' choir, A stern decree resounds entire: "A warning now to all the town: No verses here with shameful frown! No poetry of such disgrace Shall dare pollute our sacred place. Beware! If someone pens such trash, They’ll feel our wrath descend in flash! No mean-spirited rhymes or jaded tone Shall ever reach Apollo’s throne. Though Grubler's pen might stir the street, Or Skildrer’s jest the folk repeat, No sulky soul nor grumpy song Will mingle in our artful throng. We seek no lines of wrinkled spite, Nor joyless scribes who dread the light. The world is dark and grim enough— Why spread more shade with solemn stuff? But let the breeze through birches play, Let sunlight cheer the hills of May. Let happiness in verses dwell, Where warmth and friendship rise and swell!" Thus speaks the Muse, her word is law— A cheerful tone must strike with awe. So bend your rhyme with joy and grace, Let kindness fill the metered space. Then you may knock upon our gate— A smile will be your welcome fate.